Consistent with these results, patients carrying lesions with ANO1 gene amplification experienced a higher risk of cancer development (Fig. 3; HR = 3.62; 95% CI 0.79–16.57; P = 0.097, Cox regression), compared to patients carrying ANO1-positive lesions (HR = 1.65; 95% CI 0.44–6.24; P = 0.46, Cox regression). Here, ANO1 is linked to cancer.