We recently showed that β2-AR inhibitor ICI 118, 551 or HIF-1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol could significantly inhibit the pancreatic cancer growth and angiogenesis induced by chronic stress, which suggested a novel β2-AR-HIF-1α regulatory axis for stress-induced pancreatic tumor growth and angiogenesis [25]. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and familial pancreatic carcinoma.