ZC3H12A and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Under normal conditions Reg1 is reported to be not expressed in rat [14, 15] or mouse [16]islets, but its expression is upregulated in mouse islets after induction of experimental diabetes with streptozotocin [17], and in human islets from patients with T2DM, where Reg1 expression levels correlate to the duration of diabetes [18].