Just to overcome some structural barriers in coping with diabetes in the African setting [26], in the last years, the assistance to the children with T1DM has improved offering many free blood meters and blood strips and near-free access of insulin, with the help of the Pediatric Endocrinology Training Center, sponsored by the European Society Pediatric Endocrinology and the World Diabetes Foundation. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.