ACE and chronic kidney disease: Although randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that measures such as blood pressure control [8], reduction of proteinuria with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensinogen receptor blockers (ARB) [9–11], and glycemic control among persons with diabetes [12, 13], can delay CKD decline and decrease CKD-associated morbidity and mortality [14], many individuals with CKD are not benefiting from these scientific advances.