Currently, there are three PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors available for lung cancer: nivolumab for squamous NSCLC (approved by FDA March 2015), pembrolizumab for the treatment of NSCLC and MPDL3280A from Roche (both granted breakthrough therapy designation) for NSCLC that has progressed on prior treatment (platinum based chemotherapy or targeted therapy for EGFR or ALK positive patients). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.