CXCL8 and colitis: Data from murine experimental colitis models and human intestinal specimens reveal that elevated expression of IL-8 and IL-1β is central to the pathogenesis of IBD (Sartor, 1994; Ishiguro, 1999; Monteleone et al., 1999; Kwon et al., 2005; Maeda et al., 2005; Ishihara et al., 2013).