TH and glioma: Furthermore, the sodium-dependent mechanism of TH has been demonstrated in rat skeletal muscle (Centanni and Robbins, 1987), human glioma cells (Goncalves et al., 1990), rat glial cells (Francon et al., 1989), astrocytes (Beslin et al., 1995), and cerebrocortical neurons (Chantoux et al., 1995).