Lipolysis in white adipose tissue (28), adaptation to a ketogenic diet (29, 30), upstream effector of adiponectin (31, 32), glucagon action (33), pancreatic beta-cell proliferation and insulin synthesis (34), adaptation to ER stress (35), cardiac hypertrophy (36, 37), pancreatitis (38), diabetic cardiomyopathy (39), and aortic remodeling (40). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is diabetic cardiomyopathy.