Cases meeting our EGFR amplification criteria have significantly worse overall survival compared with non-amplified cases (median overall survival 1.76 v 3.17 months, p = 0.03), in patients not treated with anti-cancer therapies, confirming EGFR amplification as a therapy independent prognostic biomarker in EC and supporting the use of dual colour EGFR FISH as a robust method of analysis of EGFR gene copy number. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and cancer.