Another randomized, phase 3 trial (RADIANT) [39] indicated that adjuvant erlotinib did not prolong DFS in the unselected population, while the median DFS duration in the erlotinib treatment group was better than that of chemotherapy-only patients (46.4 vs. 28.5 months, p = 0.0391, not statistically significant according to the hierarchical testing) in a subset of EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.