MYC and cancer: c-Myc is one of the most frequently dysregulated oncogenes in various human cancers, including NPC11 and its expression is induced by EBV-encoded genes,12 such as LMP1 (ref. 13) and LMP2A.12, 14, 15 The aberration of c-Myc in cancers could occur at different levels, such as genetic amplification, upregulation of transcription, post-transcriptional regulation and post-translational regulation.16, 17, 18, 19 It has been shown that gain of chromosome 8, where c-Myc is localized, was observed on 30% of primary NPCs.