HMGB1 and neoplasm: To connect this HMGB1-TLR4/RAGE-sCLU pathway to chemoresistance, we were able to demonstrate that treatment of DU145 tumor cells with a cytotoxic dose of DTX caused the release of HMGB1 and the supernatant containing HMGB1 collected from DTX-treated tumor cells could in turn induce sCLU from live, untreated DU145 tumor cells.