Functional links gained from the analysis of IBD-associated miRNA target genes implicate an involvement of cellular pathways of the immune system (NF-κB, IL-23/IL-23R, IL-6/STAT3) [23–29], autophagy [13,30,31], epithelial barrier function [32,33], IBD-associated dysplasia and colorectal cancer [34–36] in IBD disease etiology. Here, IL23R is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.