Previous studies on the relationship between adiponectin and kidney function in T2D have been thus far contradictory [22–30], with some reporting a direct relationship in men (i.e. toward the opposite direction we here report) [25], some reporting no association at all [23, 26, 27, 30], and finally some others describing an inverse association [22, 24, 28, 29], like the one we observed. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.