Cixutumumab-treated tumours of STAT3 shRNA-transfected MDA231–Luc cells showed significant decreases in levels of IGF-2 expression (Fig. 6h), F4/80+ macrophages (Fig. 6i, left) and CD34+ VE cells (Fig. 6i, right) when compared with control tumours. Here, IGF2 is linked to neoplasm.