Several physiological roles for TSC-22 have been identified: TSC-22 is thought to be a tumour suppressor in several cancer cell lines and tumour tissue [15–21], regulating developmental processes in Xenopus laevis during gastrulation and in oogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster [14, 22], apoptosis [17, 21], and systemic cholesterol metabolism [23] as well as promoting cardiac myofibroblast differentiation and fibrosis [13]. This evidence concerns the gene TSC22D1 and cancer.