ATF2 and Familial prostate cancer: The present study revealed that various apoptosis-inducing agents, including paclitaxel and vemurafenib, induce mitochondrial localization of ATF2, which sensitizes cells to apoptosis, and was consistent with previous reported results in melanoma [5] and prostate cancer [8], as well as in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases [31, 32].