HSPA5 and cancer: As emphasized in numerous reviews, mda-7/IL-24 can elicit cancer-selective killing through multiple pathways, including those involving modification of signaling pathways and molecules (including BiP/GRP78, GRP94, P-PKR, PERK, P-p38 MAPK, CD95, Bax, Bak) that can lead to activation of caspase 9/3 resulting in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, through death-receptor mediated killing or toxic authophagy [rev.