The alteration in cognitive functions observed in Cdh13-deficient mice are in general mild but not unexpected, given the observation that single genetic risk variants for neuropsychiatric disorders tend to display very modest effect sizes.77 Moreover, considering that deficits and impairments associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ADHD, are more poorly compensated during childhood, the effects of CDH13 deficiency on mouse behavior might even be more pronounced in adolescent mice compared with adult animals investigated in our study. Here, CDH13 is linked to attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.