Interestingly, although prostate cancer is not commonly associated with Ras mutations, there is also a correlation between KLF12 expression levels and survival of prostate cancer patients (Supplementary Figure S6).43 This raises the possibility that the tumour-suppressive role of KLF12 might be independent of Ras mutational status and also suggests that KLF12 might have a broader role in carcinogenesis, not limited to lung cancer. Here, KLF12 is linked to lung cancer.