Given the evidence of ROS generation during hypoxia, and based on studies that have suggested a role for oxidative stress in induction of pulmonary edema, we investigated whether or not oxidative stress and compensatory antioxidants (HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1) play a role in both cerebral and global hypoxia-induced pulmonary edema. Here, HMOX1 is linked to pulmonary edema.