HOTAIR expression levels increase with clinical stage progression in NPC; NPC patients with high HOTAIR levels have a poor prognosis for overall survival [29]; metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT-1), PANDA, and ncRNA-DHFR regulate DNA damage, the cell cycle, alternative splicing, and tumor progression [30, 31]. Here, MALAT1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.