RHOA and ischemia: In the cardiovascular system, the role of RhoA has been demonstrated in several cell types: In vascular smooth muscle cells RhoA controls the contractile function and thus regulates vascular resistance [4], in endothelial cells RhoA activation leads to barrier dysfunction [5], and in cardiomyocytes recent work demonstrates a protective role for RhoA in the scenario of ischemia/reperfusion [6].