The elevated levels of AR permit binding to chromatin in 100-fold lower concentration of ligand than normal [21] and the aberrant AR-driven transcriptional programme in CRPC tumours allows cells to grow in low concentrations of androgen [22] or the apparent absence of hormone [23–25], thereby abrogating ADT [26] and treatment with abiraterone [20]. The gene discussed is AR; the disease is neoplasm.