NPPA and hydrops fetalis: Wang et al. demonstrated that overexpression of ANP slowed HF progression while improved cardiac remodeling and survival in mice with dilated cardiomyophathy [30]; Nakagawa et al. reported that inhibition of aldosterone/MR combined with augmentation of the cardiac ANP/GC-A signaling could prevent the transition of compensated cardiac hypertrophy to HF [31].