In this large cohort of renal transplant recipients, we observed that 1) TLR1 p.His305Leu, TLR1 p.Asn248Ser and TLR8 p.Met1Val significantly associated with the prevalence of end-stage renal disease, and 2) SNPs in TLR genes do not explain the occurrence of delayed graft function, biopsy-proven acute rejection and subsequently death-censored graft failure after transplantation. This evidence concerns the gene TLR1 and chronic kidney disease.