PPARGC1A and diabetes mellitus: Genes encoding proteins known to be related to beta-oxidation (CPT1A), lipid metabolism and transport (FASN) in metabolic pathways, adipokine signalling pathway (LEPR, RXRA), insulin signalling pathway metabolic pathways (IGFBP1, PPARGC1A) and a gene involved in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (SLC2A4) were all elevated 3- to 6-fold.