TLR3 and autoimmune disease: To date, polymorphisms of TLR3 have been associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases e.g., rheumatoid arthritis (Laska et al., 2014a), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (Laska et al., 2014b) and osteoarthritis (Yang et al., 2013), the first two of which are autoimmune diseases.