BDNF and diabetic neuropathy: Their review suggests that ASC treatment releases neurotrophic factors such as epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (17), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor, insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) while exhibiting a reparative function in diabetic neuropathy (18).