Thus, a role of DIO3 in local tissue modulation of thyroid hormone metabolism in response to weight loss induced by caloric restriction or disease-cachexia has long been unrecognized, despite earlier reports of robust stimulation of DIO3 in various tissues, including skeletal muscle, in hospitalized critically ill patients (Peeters et al., 2003, 2005; Rodriguez-Perez et al., 2008). The gene discussed is TG; the disease is Cachexia.