In contrast, for the missense CHRNA5 SNP rs16969968 that has reproducible associations with both nicotine dependence (Supplementary Table 1) and CPD,5, 6, 7 the lowest P-value, by far, was observed for CPD (P=9.4 × 10−24, Supplementary Table 8). The gene discussed is CHRNA5; the disease is nicotine dependence.