TGFB1 and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: To investigate whether or not difference in CT findings between NP subtypes is associated with various immunologic biomarkers, total IgE levels of nasal tissue homogenates and mRNA expression levels of IL–4, IL–5, IL–13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL–22, IL-23p19, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and periostin were assessed in CRSwNP patients (N = 62, Fig 4).