CD40 and HIV-1 infection: The proportions of monocytes expressing CD40 were not significantly different from the proportions in controls (total-p = 0.75, traditional-p = 0.33; inflammatory-p = 0.97; patrolling-p = 0.92), however, the density of CD40 was marginally lower on traditional monocytes in HIV-1 infection (total-p = 0.71; traditional-p = 0.048; inflammatory-p = 0.38; patrolling-p = 0.89) and the density of CD40 on total monocytes and on patrolling monocytes decreased significantly from baseline after 48 weeks of ART (Table 3).