Further evidence of the prognostic relevance of INPP5F levels stems from a subset of untreated (first-line) CLL patients, in whom high expression levels of INPP5F mRNA were associated with resistance to R-FC and FC therapy,35 as well as a set of previously treated and untreated CLL patients9 showing that INPP5F expression levels were an adverse prognostic factor for OS. Here, INPP5F is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.