Even though TNF-alpha causes recruitment of p65 and p50 subunits of NF-κB to the CHI3L1 promoter in all cell types, recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDAC)-1 and -2, and a consequent deacetylation of histone H3 at the CHI3L1 promoter occurs only in glioma cells [66]. Here, TNF is linked to central nervous system cancer.