AKT1 and cancer: Various drugs such as PI3K, AKT, or mTOR kinase inhibitors are in clinical development, and have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for treating cancers, such as advanced renal cell cancer [11, 12], hormone receptor-positive [13], HER2-negative breast cancer, and neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic origin [14].