HIF1A and memory impairment: Memory impairment due to hypoxia, as evident from rise in the level of Hif-1α, may be due to possible alterations in expression of synaptic plasticity related proteins such as AMPA, NMDA, and metabotropic glutamate receptors (AMPAR, NMDAR, and mGluR) which control long term potentiation (LTP) or long term depression (LTD), the cellular basis of learning and memory [39–42].