NANOG and Alzheimer disease: Real Time PCR performed on mRNA from A431-AD cells, treated with D609 for 48h, showed that the drug induced significant decreases in the expression levels of stem genes such as OCT4, NANOG, NESTIN and ALDH1 (P = 0.003, P = 0.026, P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively) (Fig 5F).