HIF1A and central nervous system cancer: In conclusion, our current study demonstrates that p-GSK-3β (Ser9) levels are positively related with higher glioma grades; ectopic expression of GSK-3β is sufficient to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth; we further identify Wnt/β-catenin and mTOR/p70S6K1/HIF-1a/VEGF pathways are involved in GSK-3β-inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth.