BRAF and cancer: Of these 29 mutants, the identification of a likely mechanism of action for BRAF L597V is of critical relevance as it is not only a germline mutation in Noonan syndrome and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, but also plays a significant role in the development of cancer when acting in epistatic synergy with Ras G12V (Andreadi et al., 2012, Davies et al., 2002).