Of these 29 mutants, the identification of a likely mechanism of action for BRAF L597V is of critical relevance as it is not only a germline mutation in Noonan syndrome and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, but also plays a significant role in the development of cancer when acting in epistatic synergy with Ras G12V (Andreadi et al., 2012, Davies et al., 2002). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and Noonan syndrome.