Similar to the results observed for YKL-40, ANOVA analyses showed that baseline levels of VILIP-1 were higher in MCI patients that progressed to AD (n = 35) compared with stable MCI patients (n = 17) (mean (SE) 233 (17) pg/ml vs. 136 (25) pg/ml, p = 0.001, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene VSNL1 and Alzheimer disease.