In a study by Yang et al (2014) IL-4 intron 3 VNTR polymorphism was found to be associated (2R/2R vs. 3R/3R+3R/2R, AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05–2.04) with early stage oral and pharyngeal carcinoma risk (OPSCC), which also interacted with alcohol consumption (p = 0.024) [23]. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and carcinoma of pharynx.