Moreover, we identified IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) as a novel dual regulator of Smac mimetic BV6-induced apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine secretion with impact on the immune response.23, 24 Furthermore, Smac mimetics have been described to act in concert with innate immune stimuli such as oncolytic viruses and adjuvants, which stimulate a cytokine storm of TNFα, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and IFNβ, to trigger cancer cell death.25 This evidence concerns the gene IRF1 and cancer.