AKT1 and neoplasm: The similarity between the metabolism that occurs in tumor cells and activated T cells has already been pointed out, with particular roles for the phosphatidylinositol- 3-OH kinase (PI(3)K)–Akt and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, as well as the transcription factor c-myc.46 One difference between metabolic pathways in tumor cells and inflammatory cells is that the changes in tumor cells are driven largely by mutations, whereas those in inflammatory cells are driven by extracellular signals.