GFAP and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): In a previous study, LC3-II, commonly used as an indicator of autophagosome number, was increased in astrocytes cultured from GFAP-R236H/+ mice, autophagic vacuoles were detected near Rosenthal fibers in R236H/+ mouse brain, and LC3-II was increased and phospho-mTOR and phospho-p70S6K were both decreased in human astrocytoma cell lines expressing mutant GFAP [4].