Across multiple gene expression datasets including PA, adult glioblastoma (GBM), pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), ependymoma (EP) and normal brain (NB) and cerebellum (CB) samples, aneuploid PA tumors demonstrated the highest levels of MDM2 expression (Figure 4a). Here, MDM2 is linked to malignant glioma.