CSNK1A1 and cancer: While we and others have shown that the presence of CK1α is absolutely required for pyrvinium to exert its anti-cancer effects on HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells [17], we also demonstrated that CK1α depletion is insufficient to rescue the growth of CML and AML cell lines exposed to pyrvinium (Figure 3a–3d and Supplemental Figure S3).