According to IHC scores of GADD45G and SIP1, approximately 72.5% (29 of 40) of adjacent nontumor regions showed GADD45G positivity (defined as score greater than 4), whereas only 9 of 40 (22.5%) HCC tissues were positive for GADD45G staining; similarly, positive staining of SIP1 was detected in approximately 92.5% (37 of 40) of nontumor sections and in 25% (10 of 40) of tumor areas (data not shown). Here, ZEB2 is linked to neoplasm.