LEP and metabolic syndrome: Mammalian LRP1 regulates leptin signaling and energy homeostasis [133], modulates cholesterol metabolism [134], controls adipose tissue generation [135] in the development of obesity [136] with obese adipose tissue upregulation [135, 137], is associated with blood biomarkers of diet-based obesity interventions [138], controls post ingestion lipid transport and glucose regulation [139], and correlates dietary carbohydrate metabolism to metabolic syndrome [140] and fatty acid intake with body mass index [141–143].